FCD450 is a ductile cast iron grade defined by Japanese Industrial Standard JIS G5502. The designation “FCD” represents Ferrite Ductile Cast iron, while “450” indicates the minimum tensile strength of 450 MPa. This FCD450 material combines high strength with excellent ductility through its spheroidal graphite microstructure.
Key Performance Advantages
- Minimum tensile strength 450 MPa for demanding load-bearing applications
- Elongation ≥12% preventing brittle failure under impact
- Impact resistance 5-10 times superior to gray cast iron
- Excellent machinability reducing manufacturing costs
- Cost-effective near-net-shape casting for complex geometries
FCD450 Material Chemical Composition
While JIS G5502 does not mandate specific chemistry, industry practice establishes recommended composition ranges for consistent FCD450 material properties:
| Element | Content (%) | Function |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 3.40-4.00 | Forms graphite nodules, provides fluidity |
| Silicon (Si) | 2.00-3.00 | Promotes ferrite formation, enhances ductility |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤0.30 | Controls pearlite content, strengthens matrix |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.08 | Must be limited to prevent embrittlement |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤0.03 | Critical control for successful nodulization |
| Residual Mg | 0.035-0.055 | Essential for spheroidal graphite formation |
In conclusion,usually FCD450 material requires 3.50-4.00% carbon, 2.00-2.70% silicon, and strict sulfur control below 0.03% for optimal nodulization.
Critical Control Parameters:
- Sulfur content <0.03% ensures successful nodulization
- Carbon equivalent (CE = %C + %Si/3) maintained at 4.3-4.7
- Residual magnesium verified after treatment process
FCD450 Material Specification: Mechanical Properties
FCD450 material specification defines minimum 450 MPa tensile strength, 310 MPa yield strength, and 10% elongation per JIS G5502 standard.
Standard Mechanical Properties (JIS G5502)
| Property | FCD450-10 Requirement | Typical Production Values |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | ≥450 MPa | 470-520 MPa |
| Yield Strength (YS) | ≥310 MPa | 320-340 MPa |
| Elongation (A) | ≥10% | 12-15% |
| Brinell Hardness (HB) | 140-210 HB | 160-190 HB |
| Matrix Structure | Predominantly Ferrite | Ferrite + Minor Pearlite |
Physical Properties of FCD450 Material
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density | 7.10-7.15 g/cm³ |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 168-175 GPa |
| Poisson’s Ratio | 0.27-0.30 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 33-36 W/(m·K) |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 10.5-12.0 × 10⁻⁶/K |
| Charpy Impact Value | 15-25 J |
Microstructure Requirements
- Nodularity: ≥80% (premium castings achieve 85-92%)
- Nodule Count: 100-300 nodules/mm²
- Matrix Composition: 60-80% ferrite + 20-40% pearlite
FCD450 Material Equivalent: International Standards
FCD450 material equivalent grades include ASTM A536 65-45-12, EN-GJS-450-10, and QT450-10 with identical 450 MPa tensile strength requirements.
Comprehensive FCD450 Equivalent Grades Comparison
| Country/Region | Standard | Equivalent Grade | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength | Elongation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Japan | JIS G5502 | FCD450-10 | ≥450 MPa | ≥310 MPa | ≥10% |
| USA | ASTM A536 | 65-45-12 | ≥448 MPa (65 ksi) | ≥310 MPa (45 ksi) | ≥12% |
| Europe | EN 1563 | EN-GJS-450-10 (5.3107) | ≥450 MPa | ≥310 MPa | ≥10% |
| China | GB 1348 | QT450-10 | ≥450 MPa | ≥310 MPa | ≥10% |
| International | ISO 1083 | 450-10 | ≥450 MPa | ≥310 MPa | ≥10% |
| Germany | DIN 1693 | GGG-40 | ≥400 MPa | ≥250 MPa | ≥15% |
| UK | BS 2789 | 420/12, 450/10 | ≥420-450 MPa | – | ≥10-12% |
| France | AFNOR | FGS450-10 | ≥450 MPa | – | ≥10% |
| Italy | UNI | GS400-12 | ≥400 MPa | – | ≥12% |
| Australia | AS 1831 | 400-12 | ≥400 MPa | ≥250 MPa | ≥12% |
| Russia | GOST | VCH45 | ≥450 MPa | – | – |
| India | IS | SG400/12 | ≥400 MPa | – | ≥12% |
FCD450 ASTM Equivalent Explained
FCD450 ASTM equivalent ASTM A536 Grade 65-45-12 provides comparable performance with 448 MPa (65 ksi) tensile strength for North American applications.
ASTM A536 Grade 65-45-12 represents the primary FCD450 ASTM equivalent in North America:
- 65: Minimum tensile strength 65 ksi (448 MPa)
- 45: Minimum yield strength 45 ksi (310 MPa)
- 12: Minimum elongation 12%
Key Differences Between Standards:
- ASTM A536 emphasizes performance achievement over composition control
- JIS G5502 may include detailed section thickness corrections
- Both FCD450 material equivalent grades deliver comparable service performance
- ASTM specifies 448 MPa (65 ksi) while JIS rounds to 450 MPa minimum
- Testing methods align closely between standards
FCD450 Material Applications
Automotive Industry
- Suspension Components: Control arms, knuckles, suspension brackets
- Transmission Systems: Gearbox housings, differential carriers, flywheels
- Crankshafts: Small to medium displacement engines
Industrial Machinery
- Pump Components: Water pump housings, sewage pump bodies, impellers
- Valve Bodies: Gate valves, butterfly valves, check valves
- Gearbox Housings: Speed reducers, industrial gear cases
Infrastructure Applications
- Municipal Castings: Manhole covers, drainage grates
- Pipe Fittings: Elbows, tees, flanges, couplings
- Underground Enclosures: Valve boxes, meter boxes
Construction & Mining Equipment
- Heavy Machinery: Excavator brackets, loader linkages
- Processing Equipment: Crusher components, mill liners
Design Guidelines for FCD450 Material
Wall Thickness Design Principles
- Thin Sections: 5-15mm for moderate-load components
- Medium Sections: 15-50mm for primary application range
- Heavy Sections: 50-100mm requiring property correction factors
Machining Allowances
- Rough machined surfaces: 2-5mm per side
- Finish machined surfaces: 1-3mm per side
- Recommended cutting speed: 100-180 m/min (carbide tools)
Heat Treatment Options
- Ferritic Annealing: 700-750°C × 2-4 hours for maximum ductility
- Normalizing: 880-920°C air cooling for refined microstructure
- Austempering: 870-950°C austenitizing + 230-400°C isothermal holding for ADI high strength
FCD450 Material Equivalent Substitution Guidelines
When substituting between FCD450 material equivalent grades:
- Performance Verification: Confirm tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation meet requirements
- Section Thickness Corrections: Heavy sections require property adjustment factors
- Testing Method Alignment: Different standards may specify varying test bar dimensions
- Certification Documentation: Critical applications require Type 3.1 or 3.2 certificates
Selection Recommendations
- International Projects: Specify both FCD450 and ASTM A536 65-45-12
- European Markets: Use EN-GJS-450-10 with material number 5.3107
- Chinese Suppliers: Verify QT450-10 meets all performance criteria
- Critical Components: Request metallographic examination of sample castings
Summary: FCD450 Material Selection Criteria
FCD450 material delivers optimal performance for applications requiring steel-like strength with superior impact resistance. Understanding FCD450 material specification requirements and FCD450 ASTM equivalent standards enables engineers to achieve:
- Reliable 450 MPa tensile strength with ≥12% elongation
- Global sourcing flexibility through FCD450 material equivalent grades
- Cost-effective manufacturing via ductile iron casting processes
- Proven performance across automotive, industrial, and infrastructure sectors
Critical Success Factors:
- Strict sulfur control and magnesium nodulization treatment
- ISO-certified foundry partners with proven ductile iron expertise
- Appropriate FCD450 material equivalent grade selection based on loading and section thickness
- Comprehensive metallographic and mechanical property testing for critical applications
By following these FCD450 material specification guidelines, engineers ensure cast components meet design requirements for strength, reliability, and service life..Need casting parts produced by China Foundry,choose Shengrong.
